Understanding the Types and Properties of Stainless Steel for Industrial Applications?

Stainless steel is a type of steel that is alloyed with a minimum of 10.5% chromium. This alloying element provides stainless steel with unique properties that make it ideal for a wide range of industrial applications. In this blog post, we will discuss the different types of stainless steel and their properties, as well as their applications in the industrial sector.

Types of Stainless Steel

There are five main types of stainless steel:

1.       Austenitic Stainless Steel: This type of stainless steel is the most common and is known for its excellent corrosion resistance, good weldability, and high ductility. It contains high levels of nickel and chromium, and is used in a variety of applications including kitchenware, chemical processing equipment, and piping systems.

2.       Ferritic Stainless Steel: Ferritic stainless steel is magnetic and contains high levels of chromium, but low levels of nickel. It has good corrosion resistance and is commonly used in automotive exhaust systems, heating systems, and washing machines.

3.        Martensitic Stainless Steel: Martensitic stainless steel is known for its high strength, hardness, and wear resistance. It contains high levels of carbon and is used in applications such as cutlery, dental and surgical instruments, and turbine blades.

4.       Duplex Stainless Steel: Duplex stainless steel is a combination of both austenitic and ferritic stainless steel. It is known for its high strength and excellent corrosion resistance, making it ideal for use in chemical processing, oil and gas, and marine applications.

5.       Precipitation-Hardening Stainless Steel: Precipitation-hardening stainless steel is a high-strength stainless steel that contains alloys such as copper, aluminum, and titanium. It is commonly used in aerospace applications, where high strength and corrosion resistance are critical.

Properties of Stainless Steel

Stainless steel has a number of unique properties that make it ideal for industrial applications:

1.       Corrosion Resistance: Stainless steel is highly resistant to corrosion, which makes it ideal for use in harsh environments where other materials would quickly corrode.

2.       Strength: Stainless steel is a strong material that can withstand high stresses and strains, making it ideal for use in applications where strength is critical.

3.       Ductility: Stainless steel is a ductile material that can be easily formed into different shapes and sizes.

4.       Weldability: Stainless steel is easily welded, which makes it ideal for use in applications where welding is required.

5.       Hygiene: Stainless steel is easy to clean and sanitize, which makes it ideal for use in applications where hygiene is critical.

Applications of Stainless Steel in the Industrial Sector

Stainless steel is used in a wide range of industrial applications, including:

1.       Chemical Processing: Stainless steel is commonly used in chemical processing equipment due to its excellent corrosion resistance.

2.       Food Processing: Stainless steel is used extensively in the food processing industry due to its hygienic properties and corrosion resistance.

3.       Medical and Dental: Stainless steel is used in medical and dental instruments due to its high strength and corrosion resistance.

4.       Oil and Gas: Stainless steel is commonly used in the oil and gas industry due to its excellent corrosion resistance and high strength.

5.       Marine: Stainless steel is used extensively in marine applications due to its excellent corrosion resistance and ability to withstand harsh saltwater environments.

In conclusion, stainless steel is a versatile and highly useful material that is used extensively in a wide range of industrial applications. Understanding the different types of stainless steel and their properties is important when selecting the appropriate material for a specific application.

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Stainless Steel 410 Round Bars

Stainless Steel 410 Round Bars, Stainless Steel DIN 1.4006 Rods / Bars Exporter, 410 SS Bars, Stainless Steel UNS S41000 Rod, SS 410 Round Bar Supplier, Stainless Steel 410 Round Bar Manufacturer India, Stockiest of SS 410 Round Rod In Mumbai.

Stainless Steel 410 Round Bars

We are one of the top Stainless Steel 410 Round Bar manufacturers in Mumbai and we are manufacturing all standard sizes from best quality billets and ingots. The range of products of SS 410 Round Bar which we offer to our customers are made by following the highest high quality standards. These Stainless Steel 410 Round bars have been made keeping in mind the quality parameters which have been set by the industry and so we can offer H9 and H11 tolerance and other custom tolerance required by customer. SS 410 Steel Round Bars are always supplied with the test certificates and can be supplied in bulk quantity as well as retail quantity as per customers requirements.

SS 410 round bars are supplied by us to pump and several other industries all over India. 410 SS round bars are very hard in as rolled form so they are annealed to lower the hardness as per industry requirement and then supplied to customers.

SS 410 is magnetic, Corrosion resistant has good machinability, good weldability, and high strength and impact properties in either normalized or hot rolled condition.

SS 410 Round Bars Chemical Composition:

Element	Content
Carbon, C	0.150% max
Manganese, Mn	1.00 % max
Chrome, Cr	11.50 – 13.50 %
Nickel, Ni	0.75 %
Phosphorous, P	0.040 %
Sulfur, S	0.030 %

410 Stainless Steel Round Bar Mechanical & Physical Properties

Element	SS 410
Density	7800 Kg/m3
Melting Point	–
Tensile Strength	480 MPa Min
Elongation	16 % min
Hardness Brinell	400 HB max
Proof Stress	275 MPa

SS 410 Round Bar

Stainless Steel Round Bars

SS 304 Round Bar

Stainless Steel 410 Round Bars Equivalent Grades

WERKSTOFF NR.: 1.4006
UNS: S41000
JIS: SUS 410
BS: 410S21
GOST: 12Kh13
AFNOR: Z 10 C 13/Z 12 C 13 S
EN: 56A

Our Size Range Of SS 410 Round Steel Bars:

16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 23.5mm, 24mm, 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 34mm, 35mm, 36mm, 37mm, 38mm, 40mm, 42mm, 45mm, 46.5mm, 47mm, 50mm, 51mm,53mm, 56mm, 60mm, 63mm, 65mm, 70mm, 75mm, 78mm, 80mm, 85mm, 90mm, 95mm, 100mm, 105mm, 110mm, 115mm, 120mm, 125mm, 130mm.

Grades We Manufacture in addition to SS 410 Round Bars:

MS, SAE 1018, IS 2062, A105, 1008, SAE 1010, SAE 1015, C15, C18, C20, 1020, C22, 1022, C25, 1025, SS 410, 1030, C35, 1035, 35C8, S35C, C40, 1040, C45, 45C8, 1045, CK45, C50, 1050, C55, 55C8, 1055, C60, 1060, C70, 41Cr4, 40Cr4, 40Cr1, En18, En18D, SAE 1541, SAE 1536, 37Mn2, 37C15, En15, SAE 1141, LF2, EN19, SAE 4140, 42CrMo4, EN24, EN31, SAE 52100, 20MnCr5, 8620, EN1A, EN8, EN8D, EN9, ST 52.3, EN42, En353, SS 410, SS 202, SS 304, SS 316 and other grades as per customer requirement.

Cities to which we supply SS 410 Steel Round Bars:

Ahmedabad, Surat, Baroda, Kadi, Kalol, Chhatral, Rajkot, Surendranagar, Gujarat, Mumbai, Pune, Chakan, Bhosari, Ranjangaon, Aurangabad, Ahmednagar, Kolhapur, Belgaum, Thane, Nagpur, Nashik, Maharashtra, Jaipur, Ajmer, Rajasthan, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, Hyderabad, Telangana, Hubli, Bangalore, Karnataka and other parts of India. We have SS 304 Steel Round Bar Stockists, Supplier, Wholesaler, Distributor, Dealer, Traders all over India.

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Stainless Steel 17-4PH AMS 5604

AMS 5604 is a sub-type of 17-4PH, a martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel. It has a high concentration of chromium and nickel, along with copper and niobium. Parts made of AMS 5604 possess many favorable characteristics, including excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and very good mechanical properties.

Moreover, AMS 5604 is easy to machine and manufacture while also possessing excellent weldability. Various heat treatments can be used to achieve different strengths and hardness. Anita Steel & Metals offers in plate, sheet, and strip, which are already solution heat treated. AMS 5604 is precipitation hardenable.

Parts made from AMS 5604 find use in many fields, including the petroleum and chemical industry, food processing equipment, aerospace industry, nuclear waste processing and storage, paper and pulp industry.

AMS 5604 reacts best to hot forming at temperatures ranging from 1742 to 2192 °F (950 to 1200 °C), followed by annealing at 76 °F (25 °C) and aging. However, cold forming should only be used on AMS 5604 plates and sheets in the annealed condition, although to improve corrosion resistance, a re-aging process is required.

AMS 5604 plates, sheets, and strips come in the solution annealed condition. However, eight other states can be achieved using various heat treatment methods: H 900, H 925, H 1025, H 1075, H 1100, H 1150 + 1150, H 1150-M. The number specifies the temperature in °F, except H 1150-M, where the heat treatment starts at 1400 °F. Air cooling is required in all heat treatments.

Stainless Steel 17-4PH

17-4PH is a widely-used martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel with a high concentration of chromium and nickel. It has many favorable properties, including excellent strength, good corrosion resistance, and excellent mechanical properties up to 600 °F (316 °C).

The alloy also possesses good toughness when welded, while short low-temperature heat treatments reduce warping and scaling. Additionally, 17-4PH is easy to machine and fabricate.

Thanks to the beneficial properties, 17-4PH finds use in various industries. Typical parts include mechanical seals, oil patch, and pump shafts.

Furthermore, the alloy also finds use in the aerospace industry, petroleum industry, and chemical industry, food processing equipment, paper and pulp industry, nuclear waste processing and storage, and general metalworking.

Anita Steel & Metals offers Stainless Steel 17-4PH in two sub-type specifications and multiple shapes/forms:

·                          AMS 5604 (Plate, Sheet, and Strip)

·                          AMS 5643 (Bar, Forging, Ring, Tubing, and Wire)

 Stainless Steel 17-4PH Chemical Composition

Element	Min (%)	Max (%)
Carbon, C	–	0.07
Manganese, Mn	–	1
Silicon, Si	–	1
Sulfur, S	–	0.03
Phosphorus, P	–	0.04
Chromium, Cr	15	17.5
Niobium + Tantalum, Nb + Ta	0.15	0.45
Nickel, Ni	3.0	5.0
Copper, Cu	3.0	5.0
Iron, Fe	–	*Balance

*Not exclusively to the element mentioned, but that one predominates other elements that are used in smaller quantities.

Fabrication and Working Instructions

Stainless Steel 17-4PH reacts best to hot forming at 1742 to 2192 °F (950 to 1200 °C), with annealing at 76 °F (25 °C) and aging. The alloy can also be cold-formed in limited form, primarily to plates in the annealed condition. However, stress corrosion resistance can be improved with re-aging.

Furthermore, 17-4PH can be cut using mechanical operations, such as abrasive waterjets, machining, bandsaw, and shearing. However, plasma cutting isn’t recommended on this alloy.

17-4PH has the best welding characteristics of competing stainless steel alloys. Moreover, it can be welded using all standard techniques, including gas tungsten arc, gas metal arc, shielded metal arc, and plasma arc. To achieve desired mechanical properties, pre-weld and post-weld heat treatments are recommended. For the best results, we recommend the AMS 5643 wire.

Physical Properties of Stainless Steel 17-4PH

Property	Imperial	Metric
Melting Range	2560-2625 °F	1404-1440 °C
Specific Heat	0.11 Btu/lb.-°F	460 Joules/gg-K
Specific Density	0.282 lb/in3	7.8 g/cm3
Electrical Resistivity	38.6 µΩ in	98 µΩ cm
Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (70 °F to 200 °F) (21 °C to 93 °C)	6 [in/in/°F·106]	10.8 [μm/m·°C]
Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (70 °F to 400 °F) (21 °C to 204 °C)	6 [in/in/°F·106]	10.8 [μm/m·°C]
Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (70 °F to 600 °F) (27 °C to 316 °C)	6.2 [in/in/°F·106]	11.2 [μm/m·°C]
Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (70 °F to 800 °F) (21 °C to 427 °C)	6.3 [in/in/°F·106]	11.2 [μm/m·°C]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 300 °F) (@ 149 °C)	124 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F)	17.9 [W/m-K]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 500 °F) (@ 260 °C)	135 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F)	19.5 [W/m-K]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 860 °F) (@ 460 °C)	156 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F)	22.5 [W/m-K]
Thermal Conductivity (@ 900 °F) (@ 482 °C)	157 Btu/(hr/ft²/in/°F)	22.6 [W/m-K]
Poisson’s Ratio (H900 Condition)	0.272	0.272
Modulus of Elasticity (H900 Condition)	28 x 106 ksi	197 x 103 MPa
Modulus of Rigidity in Torsion	9.68 x 103 ksi	67 x 103 MPa

 

Stainless Steel 17-4PH Mechanical Properties

Property	Imperial	Metric
Ultimate Tensile Strength	23,300 psi	160 MPa
Yield Strength (0.02%)	16,680 psi	115 MPa
Elongation (% in 2’’)	5%	5%
Rockwell Hardness C	35	35

 

Heat Treatment

Stainless Steel 17-4PH is available in the solution annealed condition at 1900 °F (1038 °C) and then air-cooled to 90 °F (32 °C).

However, additional heat treatments can produce various hardness and toughness levels. The most common treatments are listed in the table below.

Condition	Temperature [± 15 °F (± 8.4 °C)]	Cooling Method and Duration
H 900	900 °F (482 °C)	Air cooling for 1 hour
H 925	925 °F (496 °C)	Air cooling for 4 hours
H 1025	1025 °F (551 °C)	Air cooling for 4 hours
H 1075	1075 °F (580 °C)	Air cooling for 4 hours
H 1100	1100 °F (593 °C)	Air cooling for 4 hours
H 1150	1150 °F (621 °C)	Air cooling for 4 hours
H 1150 + 1150	1150 °F (621 °C) followed by 1150 °F (621 °C)	Air cooling for 4 hours followed by Air cooling for 4 hours
H 1150-M	1400 °F (760 °C) followed by 1150 °F (621 °C)	Air cooling for 2 hours followed by Air cooling for 4 hours

 

Select AMS Number:

AMS Number	Alloy	Type	UNS	Misc./Shape
AMS 5604	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400
AMS 5604 Plate	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400	Plate
AMS 5604 Sheet	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400	Sheet
AMS 5604 Strip	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400	Strip
AMS 5643	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400
AMS 5643 Bar	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400	Bar
AMS 5643 Forging	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400	Forging
AMS 5643 Ring	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400	Ring
AMS 5643 Tubing	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400	Tubing
AMS 5643 Wire	17-4PH	Stainless Steel	S17400	Wire